Tony, thanks for the info about the Mexican War - I'll have to read up on that. Surely you are right that there existed flaghumping warmonger imperialists in that era. How much Mexican resistence (as opposed to other factors such as possible new slave states and consequent congress-critters) had to do with the Polk administration's decision not to try to hold Mexico, I don't know yet. But the bottom line is that they decided not to, unlike the long-term occupation of Phillipines.
Barbara wrote:Mexico didn't officially recognize that any more than Great Britain officially recognized the U.S. after the American Revolution (not until the War of 1812).
??? But GB did officially recognize the United States as several sovereign States.
Wikipedia wrote:The Treaty of Paris of 1783, signed on September 3, 1783, and ratified by the U.S. Congress on January 14, 1784, formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America that had rebelled against British rule in 1776. ... Recognizing the 13 colonies (Delaware is not specifically mentioned but was likely included in Pennsylvania, of which it was technically part before the war) as free and sovereign States [Article 1];...
The United States didn't become a single centralized State until the War of Southern Independence nearly a century later. I guess you mean that GB didn't officially bless the US Con - but why would they recognize some foreign internal paper?
Barbara wrote:Just who do think encouraged (even went to Europe and brought them over by the boatload)?
Private individuals and firms - not the US State.
Barbara wrote:Who "opened" the land for the pioneers to settle?
Mainly private individuals, who we now call "pioneers." The US State actually destroyed several "squatter" settlements, claiming the homesteaders were stealing public land. We have records of senate and congressional speeches discussing the no-good land-stealing squatters. The US State had no rightful jurisdiction over unused land by any entitlement or homesteading theory. But, like King George's State before, the US State certainly wanted to sell/gift it to crony companies and bigwigs! Bottom line: The US State did not open the land to homesteaders; on the contrary they did everything possible to claim it for the State and discourage "squatters." Eventually, the rulers realized it was hopeless and unpopular to take the Merchant State line (it's hard to control armed people in the wilderness), and acquiesced to the Homestead Act and "preemption" conventions.